Gudrun

Gudrun club

Posted: 21 Aug 2022


Taken: 29 Jul 2022

36 favorites     49 comments    250 visits

1/640 f/10.0 263.0 mm ISO 160

Canon EOS 6D

EF70-200mm f/4L USM


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Mountain Scenery Mountain Scenery



Keywords

Canon
EOS 6D
EF70-200mm f/4L USM
Iceland
Suðurland
Highlands
Volcanism
Glacier
Vatnajökull National Park
UNESCO Global Geopark
UNESCO World Heritage
Laki


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Lakagígar

Lakagígar
Part of the northern Laki crater row with Síðujökull (part of Vatnajökull) in the background.

The Laki fissure eruption of 1783/84 was one of the greatest natural disasters of the last 1000 years. A total of 14,7 km³ of lava flowed from 130 vents, eventually covering 600km². 122 million tonnes of SO² and 15 million tonnes of fluorine were emitted. In Iceland 80% of sheep and over 50% of other livestock died of fluorine poisoning, more than 20% of Icelanders died of starvation.
The poisonous cloud covered much of Europe as a dry fog, leading to high excess mortality, crop failures and famine. Temperatures dropped by an average of 1,3°C for 2-3 years, causing an extremely cold winter and enormous flooding after snow melt in spring.

www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2007/12/19/the-summer-of-acid-rain

whc.unesco.org/en/list/1604

de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laki-Krater

Erhard Bernstein, Percy Schramm, Leo W, Nouchetdu38 and 32 other people have particularly liked this photo


49 comments - The latest ones
 Jaap van 't Veen
Jaap van 't Veen club
Interesting image and note Gudrun.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Jaap van 't Veen club
Thank you, Jaap!
20 months ago.
 uwschu
uwschu club
So ein Ausbruch heute und das wars. Aber der Mensch bekommt das auch ohne dem hin, man muss ja nur weiter das größte Atomkraftwerk in Schutt und Asche legen
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to uwschu club
Herzlichen Dank, Uwe! In der Tat, wir wären heute in keinster Weise auf sowas vorbereitet, eher noch schlechter als die damals. Und stimmt, wir können's auch ganz ohne so einen Ausbruch. Die Erde wird sich früher oder später (eher früher) der Menschheit entledigen...
20 months ago.
 Amelia
Amelia club
It's hard to imagine summer ever arriving here, Gudrun. It is so bleak and featureless. But what a history!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Amelia club
Thank you so much, Amelia! This IS summer, at all other times you wouldn't be able to get there at all;-) The bleakness is fitting- just imagine big rivers drying up and torrents of lava shooting down the river beds...
20 months ago. Edited 20 months ago.
 LotharW
LotharW club
Meine Güte, was für ein Ausbruch. Unsere gute Mutter Erde... *****
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to LotharW club
Schönen Dank, Lothar! Im Winter 1783/84 war der Große Belt zugefroren und im Missisippi in New Orleans schwamm Eis..
20 months ago.
 ©UdoSm
©UdoSm club
Island ist für mich auch eine Zeitbombe, denn die Insel ist durchzogen von unterirdischen Kanälen von geschmolzenem Gesteinsmaterial aus dem Erdinneren, das in Bezug auf das Ausbrechen an die Oberfläche relativ unberechenbar sind...
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to ©UdoSm club
Danke vielmals, Udo!
Island ist aber auch die am besten wissenschaftlich überwachte Zeitbombe mit dem besten Katastrophenschutz, den man sich vorstellen kann!
Die Kombination aus Mantle Plume und auseinanderdriftenden Platten ist eine heiße Mischung, aber noch ist es nicht soweit, dass ein neues Laki ansteht. Da würde man heute schon Jahre vorher die Anzeichen entdecken.
20 months ago.
 volker_hmbg
volker_hmbg club
Interessant, die horizontal liegenden Vegetationszonen!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to volker_hmbg club
Besten Dank, Volker! Viel Vegetation ist da nicht- Moose und Flechten hauptsächlich....
20 months ago.
 Ulrich John
Ulrich John club
Dagegen ist der Mensch klein und die Natur weist ihn in seine Schranken. Mir Recht; wo sie doch so missachtet wird ! Beeindruckend, Gudrun !
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Ulrich John club
Danke vielmals, Ulrich! Du sagst es:-) Der Rest Europas sollte sich eine Scheibe von den Isländern abschneiden, die wissen noch, dass die Natur stärker ist.
20 months ago.
 Keith Burton
Keith Burton club
A very beautiful image - taken in what looks like challenging light - you've done well to get both the top and bottom halves of the shot exposed well.

Having read some of the articles in the links you provided...............I'm really glad that Iceland is constantly monitored 24/7. We may not be able to stop what Udo (above) calls a "time bomb", but at least we'll know when it's going to blow up!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Keith Burton club
Thanks a lot, Keith! Other European countries also have time bombs ticking, especially Italy (Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei)- the scientists there are just as good but administrations are woefully unprepared (and disorganized and corrupt) and we'd look at a real desaster.
20 months ago.
Keith Burton club has replied to Gudrun club
Too true! I was watching a documentary TV program about Yellowstone in the USA which is basically in a gigantic volcanic crater...........and they're worried that it is due another eruption. That would also be catastrophic!

Scary stuff!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Keith Burton club
Ah, the Yellowstone super volcano;-) Scientists think it's not going to do anything major anytime soon, but there are several others around the world we should worry about.
It's all a question whether mankind first manages to wipe out itself with climate change or whether a super volcano or other mega disaster will do it for us....
20 months ago.
Keith Burton club has replied to Gudrun club
It's all a bit of a lottery isn't it - I often wonder what sort of world my grandchildren will be living in..................
20 months ago.
Andy Rodker club has replied to Keith Burton club
They say that certain historic eruptions were critical in the survival of our species as we were able to adapt better than other human species around at that time. Toba, 74,000 years ago in Sumatra was possibly a 'bottleneck' event in the eventual dominance of homo sapiens. A controversial theory though. www.sciencedaily.com/terms/toba_catastrophe_theory.htm
20 months ago. Edited 20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Keith Burton club
Indeed!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Andy Rodker club
I read about that! I guess some humans might survive another one like Toba, but it won't be our Western civilizations. My money would be on indigenous people like the ones on the Andaman Islands who reacted to the tsunami in time because they could read the signs.
Maybe mankind needs a reset;-)
20 months ago.
Keith Burton club has replied to Andy Rodker club
Interesting stuff Andy........but I thin Gudrun has hit the nail on the head with her reply to you below!
20 months ago.
 Malik Raoulda
Malik Raoulda club
SUBLIME et la vue est vraiment imprenable.
Bon dimanche.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Malik Raoulda club
Merci beaucoup, Malik!
20 months ago.
 Boarischa Krautmo
Boarischa Krautmo club
schön.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Boarischa Krautmo club
Danke vielmals, bk!
20 months ago.
 Andy Rodker
Andy Rodker club
A fine shot and interestering, if sobering, notes!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Andy Rodker club
Thank you so much, Andy! A bleak and fascinating place. We'd be just as unprepared today as then- flights in all the northern hemisphere would come to a standstil....
20 months ago.
Andy Rodker club has replied to Gudrun club
I find it fascinating to find how some photos bring out the 'hidden interests' in so many members!
19 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Andy Rodker club
Absolutely- and this is exactly what I like about ipernity and also liked about Panoramio. Always a chance to broaden your horizons:-)
19 months ago.
 Esther
Esther club
What a history behind it.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Esther club
Thanks, Esther! Forgotten in most of Europe, but not in Iceland.
20 months ago.
 cammino
cammino club
Beim Laki-Ausbruch ergoß sich eine enorme Menge an Lava, die in Richtung Süden zum Atlantik floss. Dabei entstand das weltgrößte Lavafeld mit 565 qkm (!). Im PiP meines Ipernity-Bildes
www.ipernity.com/doc/cammino/51097690 kann man dieses Lavafeld, Eldhraun genannt, sehen.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to cammino club
Schönen Dank, cammino! Das muss unvorstellbar gewesen sein....
20 months ago.
 Ruesterstaude
Ruesterstaude club
Mich wundert, dass man heute im Zusammenhang mit der anthropogenen Klimaveränderung darüber nichts lesen kann. Mir ist auch nicht bekannt, ob die damaligen Naturforscher wie Goethe und Alexander von Humboldt sich in irgendeiner Weise darüber ausgelassen haben: Goethe, der den => Vesuv kannte, und Humboldt, der später die Welt bereiste und die => „Allee der Vulkane“ in Ecuador besuchte.

Danke für die Illustrierte Information, liebe Gudrun!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Ruesterstaude club
Herzlichen Dank, Volker! Ich wüsste auch nicht, dass Goethe oder Humboldt da etwas geschrieben hätten. Vesuv oder die südamerikanischen Vulkane sind ja auch ganz was anderes als diese gigantischen Spalteneruptionen- spektakulärer, aber meist längst nicht mit so weitreichenden Folgen.
Nur die ganz großen explosiven Eruptionen können sich deutlich auf das Klima auswirken, aber auch in der Regel nur die rund um den Äquator, das das verteilt sich dann rund um die Welt (z.B. Tambora 1815 oder in geringerem Maß Pinatubo).
Aber ganz kritisch waren immer die großen Flutbasalt-Ausbrüche: die sibirischen Trapps am Ende des Perm führten zum Massenaussterben fast aller Arten, die Deccan-Trapps sind für die Dinos verantwortlich, der Meteorit versetzte denen "nur noch" den Todesstoß...
20 months ago.
Ruesterstaude club has replied to Gudrun club
Für den Tambora gilt das gleiche, dass ich mich wundere. Humboldt, der erkannt hatte, dass alles in der Welt miteinander im Zusammenhang steht, sich besonders für Vulkanismus interessierte (erfahren, was die Welt im Innersten zusammenhält) und unter Lebensgefahr den Chimborazo bestiegen hatte, hat offenbar vom Tambora nichts gewusst, obwohl die Klimaveränderung 1815 und 1816 dramatisch war und er wahrscheinlich auch darunter gelitten hat. Hätte er es gewusst, wäre wahrscheinlich sein Wunsch gewesen, nach Indonesien zu reisen, anstatt nach Ostindien. Übrigens kannte ich bisher auch nur den Ausbruch vom Krakatau.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Ruesterstaude club
Indonesien war eben Anfang des 19.Jh für die westliche Welt weit weg. Krakatau ist deshalb bekannter, weil Engländer und Holländer das hautnah miterlebt haben.
Ein ganz tolles Buch (auf engiisch) finde ich dieses: www.cambridge.org/core/books/eruptions-that-shook-the-world/5BA5B9948C545E97DEF8DBDA25BE9C38
Die Briten können einfach über Wissenschaft verständlicher und dennoch nicht seicht schreiben!
20 months ago.
 Rosalyn Hilborne
Rosalyn Hilborne club
The landscape never ceases to amaze me Gudrun, and your pictures capturing it are wonderful!!
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Rosalyn Hilborne club
Thank you so much, Rosa! It was utterly fascinating in its bleakness and it felt a bit surreal.
20 months ago.
 slgwv
slgwv club
I've seen it suggested that the crop failures from the dry fog were one of the triggers for the French Revolution.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to slgwv club
That definitely is consensus in Iceland! For some reason less so on the continent, where they argue that the Laki effects were over by the time of the revolution. But such things need time to build up and I think the crop failures/famine certainly contributed.
20 months ago.
 slgwv
slgwv club
I saw a few years back a program attributing the failure of the Egyptian grain crop in Cleopatra’s reign to the fallout from a major eruption in Central America--with cataclysmic consequences for the politics of the Mediterranean Basin and for the course of western civilization! The program was on one of the pop-sci channels, History or Smithsonian or something. And, of course, the additional irony is that no one around the Mediterranean even had a clue that Central America existed.
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to slgwv club
That sounds plausible as eruptions near the equator tend to go around the world. Yes, people then would have had a hard time finding reasons for such disasters, the priests probably had a field day;-)
Even in 1783 many attributed the Laki haze to earth vapours from the earthquakes in Calabria.
20 months ago.
slgwv club has replied to Gudrun club
"Yes, people then would have had a hard time finding reasons for such disasters, the priests probably had a field day;-)"
Well, clearly it was because a woman was Pharaoh! ;)
20 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to slgwv club
Absolutely;-))))
20 months ago.
 Percy Schramm
Percy Schramm club
Deine Reiseeindrücke sehen ja wirklich fantastisch aus.
19 months ago.
Gudrun club has replied to Percy Schramm club
Danke vielmals, Percy! Trotz teilweise schlechten Wetters war's einfach klasse.
19 months ago.

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