Relief of catching a "Nāga" snake
Crashed down chopper at Khao Phra Vihaan
Way back to the first level
Beside the historical path of Phra Vihaan
Remains of the first level
At the edge of the Pay Ta De
Way back to the third level
Details of the lentil carvings
Warning signs beside the walk
Beside the historical path of Phra Vihaan
Marines from USA catching a Nāga snake
Get to the Gopura of the second level
Entrance to the Phra Vihaan hill
Monks entering the Gopura complex
Debris of the Central Sanctuary
Beautiful carved lintel being in good condition
Way back to the first level
Walking on the edge of Khao Phra Vihaan
Naga Balustrade
Very well preserved lintel
Collapsed prang and lentil at the fourth level
Debris inside the yard of Phra Vihaan
Gopura of the third level
Thai monks visiting the remains of killing machine…
First level of Khao Phra Vihaan
South entrance into the Gopura complex
The scarp south of Phra Vihaan
The eastern wing of the temple complex
First level of Khao Phra Vihaan
Khao Phra Vihaan map
At the Mekong riverside
In an expressboat on the Chao Phraya River
Election posters loose the orientation
Bikeway and sidewalk
Lard Phrao/Phaholyotin intersection
Wat Tam Khao Wong in Uthai Thani
Krachap
Power supply in Tha Chin
Food market and train railway
Railway trail through the market
Railway station for Mae Khlong
Thailand high dignitaries
Inside the Tiger Temple
Marriage able Hmong women wait for potential men
Hmong girl in her traditional cloth
Landscape in northern Thailand
Ruins on Phanom Rung at the Angkor Highway
View through a temple window
Thai men in good mood
Sunset at the Khao Laem Dam
By the riverside of Mae Khong
Bodhi tree at Phra That Phanom temple
Protect dig at the border to Myanmar
Monks as tourists
Old and new together
A temple in the mist
On an island in the Khao Laem Dam
Khao Chi Chan
At Sam Ong Chedi (Three Pagoda Pass)
Evening scene on Ko Phi Phi Don
Chedi on Ko Kret
Rama 8th bridge over Mae Nam Chao Phraya
Huey Krathing dam
Third level of the Prasat Khao Phra Vihaan
Prasat Khao Phra Vihaan, Cambodia
The "Nāga" gate into the Gopura on the third level
Location
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Prasat Khao Phra Vihaan is a Holy Cambodian national symbol
In modern times, the temple's location on the border between Cambodia and Thailand led to a dispute over ownership. In 1954, Thailand formally occupied the temple. In 1959, Cambodia applied to the International Court of Justice in the Hague to rule that the temple lay in Cambodian territory. In subsequent proceedings before the court, Cambodia based much of its case on a map drawn up in 1907 by French officers, some of whom had been part of a 1904 joint border demarcation commission formed by Thailand, then known as Siam, and the French colonial authorities then ruling Cambodia. The map showed the temple as being in Cambodia and was sent to the Siamese authorities as part of formal border demarcation activities. Over the subsequent five decades, in various other international forums, according to Cambodia, the Siamese/Thai authorities did not formally object to the map’s depiction of the temple’s location. Nor did the Siamese object when a French official from the colonial administration received the Siamese scholar and government figure Prince Damrong at the temple in 1930.
Thailand counter-argued that the map was not an official document of the 1904 border commission. It also noted that the mutually accepted principle governing demarcation by that commission was that the border would follow the watershed line along the Dângrêk mountain range, which the Thais said would put the temple in Thailand. Thai authorities never felt the need to formally object to the map, the court was told, because they had practical ownership of the temple. Any acceptance of the map, the court was informed, was based on a false understanding that it followed the watershed line.
On June 15, 1962, the court ruled that through its long lack of objection and its accepting and benefiting from other parts of a border treaty that grew from the 1904 commission's work, Thailand had in effect accepted the 1907 map, overriding any question of the watershed line, and that the temple belonged to Cambodia. The court declined to take up the question of whether the border as mapped in the vicinity of the temple corresponded to the watershed line. Thailand accepted the court's decision, but many Thais continue to believe that the decision was unfair. The accepted border line now passes just a few meters from the base of the southern steps.
Thailand counter-argued that the map was not an official document of the 1904 border commission. It also noted that the mutually accepted principle governing demarcation by that commission was that the border would follow the watershed line along the Dângrêk mountain range, which the Thais said would put the temple in Thailand. Thai authorities never felt the need to formally object to the map, the court was told, because they had practical ownership of the temple. Any acceptance of the map, the court was informed, was based on a false understanding that it followed the watershed line.
On June 15, 1962, the court ruled that through its long lack of objection and its accepting and benefiting from other parts of a border treaty that grew from the 1904 commission's work, Thailand had in effect accepted the 1907 map, overriding any question of the watershed line, and that the temple belonged to Cambodia. The court declined to take up the question of whether the border as mapped in the vicinity of the temple corresponded to the watershed line. Thailand accepted the court's decision, but many Thais continue to believe that the decision was unfair. The accepted border line now passes just a few meters from the base of the southern steps.
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