The Broker

[left]: Segment from an illustration by Henry Holiday to Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark depicting the Broker (upper left corner). The object he is holding at his lips is the handle of a malacca walking cane, a gesture associated with dandies in the Victorian era. [right]: Segment from anonymous: Edward VI and the Pope , a Tudor anti-papal allegory of reformation (16th century). Holidays Snark illustrations are conundrums. And the were constructed as conundrums. The pattern in the frame (2) on the left side is an allusion to a rather unobstrusive pattern on the right side. This shows that Holiday did not "copy" patterns just because of they would contribute to the impressiveness of his illustrations. · In 1922 (46 years after The Hunting of the Snark was published), Henry Holiday (the illustrator) wrote to George Sutcliffe (Sangorski & Sutcliffe, bookbinders, London): "... you will notice that the Broker in [the proof of the illustration to The Crew on Board ] no. 5 is quite different to the one in [ the later proof ] no. 2. I had intended to give a caricature a the vulgar specimen of the profession, but Lewis Carroll took exception to this and asked me to treat the head in a less aggressive manner, and no. 2 is the result. I consider that no. 5 has much more character, but I understood L. Carroll's objection and agreed to tone him down. ..." Charles Mitchel called the first design of the broker's face in the lower right corner of the print "conspiciously antisemitic". The change of the printing blocks must have been very important to Carroll, as it took the wood cutter Swain quite some effort to implement that change (see p. 102, Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark , 1981 William Kaufmann edition). As shown in the image above, the broker's face also appears in the upper left section of Holiday's illustration to The Hunting . Rather than by a "Semitic" face, Holiday may have been inspired by what could be a cliché of the face of a roman catholic monk depicted in the 16th century anti-papal painting Edward VI and the Pope .

[left]: Segment from an illustration by Henry Holiday to Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark depicting the Broker (upper left corner). The object he is holding at his lips is the handle of a malacca walking cane, a gesture associated with dandies in the Victorian era. [right]: Segment from anonymous: Edward VI and the Pope , a Tudor anti-papal allegory of reformation (16th century). Holidays Snark illustrations are conundrums. And they were constructed as conundrums. The colored boxes are meant as a little help to you. There is not only a relation between the patterns marked by the same color, also the topological relation between the patterns on the left side and the right side show some similarity. The pattern in the orange frame on the lower left side clearly is an allusion to a rather unobtrusive pattern on the right side. This shows that Holiday did not "copy" patterns just because of they would contribute to the impressiveness of his illustrations. Holiday is not a plagiarist. · In 1922 (46 years after The Hunting of the Snark was published), Henry Holiday (the illustrator) wrote to George Sutcliffe (Sangorski & Sutcliffe, bookbinders, London): "... you will notice that the Broker in [the proof of the illustration to The Crew on Board ] no. 5 is quite different to the one in [ the later proof ] no. 2. I had intended to give a caricature a the vulgar specimen of the profession, but Lewis Carroll took exception to this and asked me to treat the head in a less aggressive manner, and no. 2 is the result. I consider that no. 5 has much more character, but I understood L. Carroll's objection and agreed to tone him down. ..." Charles Mitchel called the first design of the broker's face in the lower right corner of the print "conspiciously antisemitic". The change of the printing blocks must have been very important to Carroll, as it took the wood cutter Swain quite some effort to implement that change (see p. 102, Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark , 1981 William Kaufmann edition). As shown in the image above, the broker's face also appears in the upper left section of Holiday's illustration to The Hunting . Rather than by a "Semitic" face, Holiday may have been inspired by what could be a cliché of the face of a roman catholic monk depicted in the 16th century anti-papal painting Edward VI and the Pope . · Links: ※ www.reddit.com/r/museum/comments/4lrs3o/anonymous_king_edward_vi_and_the_pope_estimates ※ www.reddit.com/r/TheHuntingOfTheSnark/comments/3ul02u/the_brokers_and_the_monks_nose ※ www.academia.edu/9890076/The_Broker_and_the_Monk ※ www.facebook.com/snark150/posts/1647429028620386

From Henry Holiday's illustrations to Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark (1876) Illustration (1876) by Henry Holiday (engraved by Joseph Swain) to Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark depicting the Bellman (a cartoonish version with bigger nose), the Baker, the Barrister, the Billard marker (dipicted only in this illustration), the Banker (looks different in some other illustrations), the Bonnet maker (half hidden face; only in this illustration, perhaps an "Assistenzselbstbildnis" of Henry Holiday) and the Broker. Whatsoever, on board of that snarked vessel you probably can forget about playing billards anyway.

"What can science reveal of the nature of man and the universe of which it is a part? This is the quest of the Snark." (Philo M. Buck: "Science, Literatur, and the Hunting of the Snark ", College English, Vol. 4, No. 1, Oct., 1942 ) I too think, that Carroll's poem is about science. It also is about the challenges of scientific research, to beliefs. This depiction of the Snark hunting party conducting a land expedition is one of Henry Holiday's illustrations to Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark (1876).

The color markers in both images show, to which pictorial elements in a 1674 print Henry Holiday alluded in his illustration to Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark (lower image, 1876) in the chapter The Hunting . The print (upper image by an anonymous artist, redrawn by me) is the orartie van de Professor L. Wolsogen over syndroom en de nytlegging van de felue gadaen ... . The animals in that print are based on illustrations by M. Gheeraerts the Elder to Aesop's Fables. (The print now is located at British Museum, BM Satires 1047, reg.no.: 1868,0808.3286 . A scan of the original print showing more details can be obtained from the museum.) Holiday alluded to that 1674 image depicting William III as well as the allegorical figures for "religion" and "liberty". He discussed with Dodgson (Carroll) about the possible allegorical depiction of "care and hope". Interestingly, the two female members of the hunting crew also are quite similar to the allegories of "religion" and "liberty" shown in the 1674 print, the conflict between both probably being also conflict for the reverend Dodgson. I made this image in the year 2010. The little inset with the yellow frame was my first presentation (2009-07-09) of the comparison.