Sandomierz - Kościół św. Jakuba

Sandomierz was one of the most important cities in the Polish section of the Via Regia, taking advantage of the location at the junction of the Vistula and San rivers. The first known historical mention of the city comes from the early 12th-century when it was already ranked as one of the main cities of Poland. The testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth, in which he divided Poland among his sons, designated Sandomierz as the capital of one of the resulting principalities, the Duchy of Sandomierz.

In the early 13th century, the second oldest Dominican monastery in Poland was founded in Sandomierz. Within the 13th century, the city suffered grievous damage during the raids by Mongols in 1241, 1260, and 1287. The wooden buildings of the town were completely destroyed. As a result, in 1286 Leszek II the Black, effectively refounded the city.

After the reunification of the Polish lands in the 14th century, the former principality became the Sandomierz Voivodeship, incorporating large areas of southeastern Poland. In the middle of the 14th century, the city was burned again during a raid by the Lithuanians. It was rebuilt during the rule of Casimir III of Poland, who extended its privileges. The layout of the city has survived practically unchanged from that time until the present day.

Sandomierz prospered until the middle of the 17th century, but the prosperity came to an end in 1655 when Swedish troops captured the city. After briefly holding out in the city, the withdrawing Swedes blew up the castle and caused heavy damage to other buildings. A great fire in 1757 and the First Partition of Poland in 1772, which placed Sandomierz in Austria, further reduced its status.

In 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars, fighting between the forces of Austria and the Duchy of Warsaw caused damage to the city. It became part of the short-lived Polish Duchy of Warsaw and after 1815 it found itself in the Russian Empire ("Congress Poland").
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Here was a branch of the Dominican Order here since 1226. The construction of the church began in 1236 and lasted until around 1250. It came probably to a temporary halt during the first Mongol storm in 1241. A legend says that Sadok, the superior of the monastery, and 48 Dominicans and p12 ious visitors were killed here by Mongols. They have been beatified since 1807.

A memorial chapel, "Shrine of Blessed Sadok and 48 Dominican martyrs", was erected, creating the basis for a pilgrimage at the same time.

The Church of St. James is considered to be the first church building in the Kingdom of Poland to be built entirely of brick masonry; from the point of view of architectural history, the design of the north portal is related to Lombard churches. In 1314 a bell tower was erected as a campanile at a short distance from the church.