Manfredonia - Castello

The history of Manfredonia starts in Siponto, where the Normans had established themselves in 1042. At that time the near mountain ridge "Monte Gargano" was still under Byzantine rule, what changed when in 1052 the Normans won a decisive victory there over the Byzantine troops in 1052.

An earthquake in 1223 destroyed Siponto and transformed the landscape into a swamp, where Malaria occurred. Siponto was abandoned and Manfred, son of Emperor Frederic II, laid the foundation stone for a new city in 1256, which he gave his name to. Manfred still commissioned the construction of the fortress but did not see it completed. He fell in the Battle of Benevento in 1266 when his force was defeated by the army of Charles of Anjou, what ended the rule of the House of Staufer in Southern Italy.

The Anjou completed the fortress and renamed the city "Sypontum Novellum", to erase the memory of Manfred, but the new name was ultimately unsuccessful.

When Manfredonia was conquered and looted by Ottoman Turks in 1620, the city was set on fire and razed to the ground, leaving only the fortress and the city walls.