Ukraine, Kiev, The Castle Hill (also known as Witch Hill)

The Castle Hill (also known as Horivitsa Hill) is a historical hill in the center of Kiev on the right high bank of the Dnieper. It is an outlier separated from the neighboring plateau of Old Kiev Hill by erosion that occurred in the Quaternary period. The height above the level of the Dnieper is 80 m.
According to archaeological data, the first settlement on the territory of Horivitsa emerged in the Bronze Age. The residence of the founder of Kiev, Prince Kiy, could be located on this hill
In the period 1370-1380, a wooden castle of the Lithuanian voivode Vladimir Olgerdovich was built on Horivitsa, which gave the mountain a new name. The castle was burnt down during the devastation of Kiev in 1482 by the army of the Crimean Khan Mengli Gerey.
After the destruction of the Castle buildings, the hill was used by local residents for vegetable gardens for a long time. In 1816, a cemetery for the surrounding population was built on the Castle Hill under the patronage of the clergy of the Frolovsky Monastery. In 1857, a cemetery church was erected on the hill, and the cemetery was surrounded by a brick fence, the remains of which have survived to novadays. Officially, the cemetery existed until 1921.