Detail of Madame X by Sargent in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, February 2008

Title: Madame X (Madame Pierre Gautreau)

Artist: John Singer Sargent (American, Florence 1856–1925 London)

Date: 1883–84

Culture: American

Medium: Oil on canvas

Dimensions: 82 1/8 x 43 1/4in. (208.6 x 109.9cm)
Framed: 95 3/4 x 56 5/8 x 5 in. (243.2 x 143.8 x 12.7 cm)

Credit Line: Arthur Hoppock Hearn Fund, 1916

Accession Number: 16.53


Madame Pierre Gautreau (the Louisiana-born Virginie Amélie Avegno; 1859–1915) was known in Paris for her artful appearance. Sargent hoped to enhance his reputation by painting and exhibiting her portrait. Working without a commission but with his sitter’s complicity, he emphasized her daring personal style, showing the right strap of her gown slipping from her shoulder. At the Salon of 1884, the portrait received more ridicule than praise. Sargent repainted the shoulder strap and kept the work for over thirty years. When, eventually, he sold it to the Metropolitan, he commented, “I suppose it is the best thing I have done,” but asked that the Museum disguise the sitter’s name.

Text from: www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/12127