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MAP 8.3
The Great Invasions of the Ninth century. Note the Viking penetration of eastern Europe and their probable expeditions to North America.
Nouchetdu38, Percy Schramm, Paolo Tanino, Fred Fouarge have particularly liked this photo
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Plunder they did. Viking attacks were bitterly savage. At first they attacked and sailed on laden with booty. Later, on returning they settled down and colonized the areas they had conquered. For example, the Vikings overran large part of northwestern France and called the territory “Norsemanland,” from which the word Normandy derives.
Scarcely had the savagery of the Vikings assaults began to subside when Europe was hit from the east and south. Beginning about 890, Magyar tribes crossed the Danube and pushed steadily westward. (Since people thought of them as returning Huns, the Magyars came to be known as “Hungarians.”) They subdued northern Italy, compelled Bavaria and Saxony to pay tribute, and penetrated even into the Rheinland and Burgundy. These roving bandits attacked isolated villages and monasteries, taking prisoners and selling them in the Eastern slave markets. The Magyars were not colonizers; their sole object was booty and plunder
The Vikings and Magyars depended on fear. In their initial attacks on isolated settlements, everyman, woman, and child was put to the sword. A few attractive women might be spared to satisfy the conquerors lusts or to be sold into slavery. The Hungarians and Scandinavians stuck such terror in defenseless rural peoples that they often gave up without a struggle. . . . Page 254
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