Martin M. Miles' photos with the keyword: Baldwin II the Bald

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. Construction of St. Martin started in 1230, and was finished in 1370. There had previously been a Romanesque church in the area, dating from the 10th or 11th century. Ypres was originally part of the Diocese of Terwaan (today Thérouanne), which had been established in the 8th century. In 1553 Charles V besieged the city of Thérouanne, then a French enclave in the Holy Roman Empire, in revenge for a defeat by the French at Metz. After he captured the city he razed it. In 1557, as a result of the war damage to its see, the diocese was abolished. This led to a reform of sees and the bishopric of Thérouanne was split between the Diocese of Saint-Omer, the diocese of Boulogne and the Diocese of Ypres. With this, Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral status, as it became the see of the new diocese. After the Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, Ypres was incorporated into the diocese of Ghent, Saint Martin's lost its status as a cathedral. As with many former cathedrals, it is often still referred to as a cathedral by locals. It was heavily damaged during the First World War. Subsequently (1922–1930) the ruin was cleared and the church was entirely rebuilt following the original plans. The purse in Saint Nicholas's hand could refer to the legend of the "Three Poor Girls". On the right are the three (slaughtered) boys climbing out of the salt barrel after he had saved them.

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. Construction of St. Martin started in 1230, and was finished in 1370. There had previously been a Romanesque church in the area, dating from the 10th or 11th century. Ypres was originally part of the Diocese of Terwaan (today Thérouanne), which had been established in the 8th century. In 1553 Charles V besieged the city of Thérouanne, then a French enclave in the Holy Roman Empire, in revenge for a defeat by the French at Metz. After he captured the city he razed it. In 1557, as a result of the war damage to its see, the diocese was abolished. This led to a reform of sees and the bishopric of Thérouanne was split between the Diocese of Saint-Omer, the diocese of Boulogne and the Diocese of Ypres. With this, Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral status, as it became the see of the new diocese. After the Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, Ypres was incorporated into the diocese of Ghent, Saint Martin's lost its status as a cathedral. As with many former cathedrals, it is often still referred to as a cathedral by locals. It was heavily damaged during the First World War. Subsequently (1922–1930) the ruin was cleared and the church was entirely rebuilt following the original plans. The choir

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. Construction of St. Martin started in 1230, and was finished in 1370. There had previously been a Romanesque church in the area, dating from the 10th or 11th century. Ypres was originally part of the Diocese of Terwaan (today Thérouanne), which had been established in the 8th century. In 1553 Charles V besieged the city of Thérouanne, then a French enclave in the Holy Roman Empire, in revenge for a defeat by the French at Metz. After he captured the city he razed it. In 1557, as a result of the war damage to its see, the diocese was abolished. This led to a reform of sees and the bishopric of Thérouanne was split between the Diocese of Saint-Omer, the diocese of Boulogne and the Diocese of Ypres. With this, Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral status, as it became the see of the new diocese. After the Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, Ypres was incorporated into the diocese of Ghent, Saint Martin's lost its status as a cathedral. As with many former cathedrals, it is often still referred to as a cathedral by locals. It was heavily damaged during the First World War. Subsequently (1922–1930) the ruin was cleared and the church was entirely rebuilt following the original plans. The Siege of Ypres This painting by Joris Liebaert from 1657 is on display in St. Martin's Cathedral in Ypres. (Previous upload). A detail: Two crippled people using crutches participate in the procession , where a statue of the Virgin Mary is carried..

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. Construction of St. Martin started in 1230, and was finished in 1370. There had previously been a Romanesque church in the area, dating from the 10th or 11th century. Ypres was originally part of the Diocese of Terwaan (today Thérouanne), which had been established in the 8th century. In 1553 Charles V besieged the city of Thérouanne, then a French enclave in the Holy Roman Empire, in revenge for a defeat by the French at Metz. After he captured the city he razed it. In 1557, as a result of the war damage to its see, the diocese was abolished. This led to a reform of sees and the bishopric of Thérouanne was split between the Diocese of Saint-Omer, the diocese of Boulogne and the Diocese of Ypres. With this, Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral status, as it became the see of the new diocese. After the Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, Ypres was incorporated into the diocese of Ghent, Saint Martin's lost its status as a cathedral. As with many former cathedrals, it is often still referred to as a cathedral by locals. It was heavily damaged during the First World War. Subsequently (1922–1930) the ruin was cleared and the church was entirely rebuilt following the original plans. The Siege of Ypres The painting by Joris Liebaert from 1657 is on display in the Saint Martin's Cathedral of Ypres. It is 2m x 5m. The city of Ghent rebelled in September 1379 against its count Louis of Male, who supported France against England in the Hundred Years' War, which was against the economic interests of Flanders. After their defeat at the Battle of Roosebeke in November 1382, the citizens of Ghent requested English assistance, and the English sent a force under Henry le Despenser, the Bishop of Norwich.The siege of Ypres wa part of this "Norwich Crusade" the The siege occurred between 8 June and 8 August 1383 as part of the "Norwich Crusade". It was conducted by English forces and forces from Ghent. The siege was a failure.

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. Construction of St. Martin started in 1230, and was finished in 1370. There had previously been a Romanesque church in the area, dating from the 10th or 11th century. Ypres was originally part of the Diocese of Terwaan (today Thérouanne), which had been established in the 8th century. In 1553 Charles V besieged the city of Thérouanne, then a French enclave in the Holy Roman Empire, in revenge for a defeat by the French at Metz. After he captured the city he razed it. In 1557, as a result of the war damage to its see, the diocese was abolished. This led to a reform of sees and the bishopric of Thérouanne was split between the Diocese of Saint-Omer, the diocese of Boulogne and the Diocese of Ypres. With this, Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral status, as it became the see of the new diocese. After the Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, Ypres was incorporated into the diocese of Ghent, Saint Martin's lost its status as a cathedral. As with many former cathedrals, it is often still referred to as a cathedral by locals. It was heavily damaged during the First World War. Subsequently (1922–1930) the ruin was cleared and the church was entirely rebuilt following the original plans.

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. Construction of St. Martin started in 1230, and was finished in 1370. There had previously been a Romanesque church in the area, dating from the 10th or 11th century. Ypres was originally part of the Diocese of Terwaan (today Thérouanne), which had been established in the 8th century. In 1553 Charles V besieged the city of Thérouanne, then a French enclave in the Holy Roman Empire, in revenge for a defeat by the French at Metz. After he captured the city he razed it. In 1557, as a result of the war damage to its see, the diocese was abolished. This led to a reform of sees and the bishopric of Thérouanne was split between the Diocese of Saint-Omer, the diocese of Boulogne and the Diocese of Ypres. With this, Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral status, as it became the see of the new diocese. After the Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII, Ypres was incorporated into the diocese of Ghent, Saint Martin's lost its status as a cathedral. As with many former cathedrals, it is often still referred to as a cathedral by locals. It was heavily damaged during the First World War. Subsequently (1922–1930) the ruin was cleared and the church was entirely rebuilt following the original plans.

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. The "Lakenhalle" (cloth hall) is a large, Gothic building complex originally dating back to the 13th century. The foundation stone is said to have been laid around 1200 by the Count of Flanders, and its construction lasted until 1304. It was one of the largest commercial buildings of the Middle Ages, when it served as the main market and warehouse for the city's prosperous cloth industry. At 125 metres in breadth, with a 70 metres high belfry tower, it recalls the importance and wealth of the medieval trade city. On November 4, 1914, a German general had the medieval Lakenhalle reduced to rubble and ashes without any military reason. Reconstructions started in the early 1920s. It was opted for a faithful and rigorous restitution of the building. The current hall is therefore largely an exact replica of the medieval building as it existed before the war. However, some parts of the monument are still original, notably in the western part and at the base of the belfry. Most of the reusable old elements found in the ruins and the rubble were reintegrated into the monument, and they served as a model for the missing elements. Reconstruction work ended in 1967. Today the "In Flanders Fields Museum", dedicated to the history of the Great War, is housed here. The Renaissance annex, the "Nieuwerck", added 1619 - 1622 now serves as the town hall.

Baldwin II the Bald, Margrave of Flanders, fortified Ypres to defend against the Normans with th early 10th century. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was a prosperous Flemish city with a population of 40,000 in 1200 AD, renowned for its linen trade with England, which was mentioned in the Canterbury Tales. Textiles from Ypres could be found in the markets of Novgorod in Kievan Rus' in the early 12th century. In 1241, a major fire ruined much of the old city. During the Norwich Crusade, led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser, Ypres was besieged in 1383, until French relief forces arrived. Ypres became the seat of the new Diocese of Ypres in 1561, and Saint Martin's Church was elevated to cathedral. In 1678, Ypres was conquered by the forces of Louis XIV of France. It remained French and Vauban constructed his typical fortifications. Ypres occupied a strategic position during the First World War. The neutrality of Belgium, established by the First Treaty of London, brought the British Empire into the war. The Germans surrounded the city on three sides, bombarding it throughout much of the war. To counterattack, British, French, and allied forces made costly advances into the German lines on the surrounding hills. In the First Battle of Ypres (November 1914), the Allies captured the town from the Germans. The Germans´ use of poison gas for the first time in April 1915 marked the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres. They captured high ground east of the town. Mustard gas, also called Yperite from the name of this town, was also used for the first time near Ypres, in the autumn of 1917. After the war, Winston Churchill proposed to leave Ypres in ruins as a mausoleum,. The "Lakenhalle" (cloth hall) is a large, Gothic building complex originally dating back to the 13th century. The foundation stone is said to have been laid around 1200 by the Count of Flanders, and its construction lasted until 1304. It was one of the largest commercial buildings of the Middle Ages, when it served as the main market and warehouse for the city's prosperous cloth industry. At 125 metres in breadth, with a 70 metres high belfry tower, it recalls the importance and wealth of the medieval trade city. On November 4, 1914, a German general had the medieval Lakenhalle reduced to rubble and ashes without any military reason. Reconstructions started in the early 1920s. It was oped for a faithful and rigorous restitution of the building. The current hall is therefore largely an exact replica of the medieval building as it existed before the war. However, some parts of the monument are still original, notably in the western part and at the base of the belfry. Most of the reusable old elements found in the ruins and the rubble were reintegrated into the monument, and they served as a model for the missing elements. Reconstruction work ended in 1967. Today the "In Flanders Fields Museum", dedicated to the history of the Great War, is housed here. The Renaissance annex, the "Nieuwerck", added 1619 - 1622 now serves as the town hall.