Kant: Was ist Aufklärung?

Have the courage to be wise.
Or the courage to be foolish.

Sapere aude is the Latin phrase meaning "Dare to know"; and also is loosely translated as "Dare to know things", or even more loosely as "Dare to be wise". Originally used in the First Book of Letters (20 BC), by the Roman poet Horace , the phrase Sapere aude became associated with the Age of Enlightenment , during the 17th and 18th centuries, after Immanuel Kant used it in the essay, " Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment? " (1784). As a philosopher, Kant claimed the phrase Sapere aude as the motto for the entire period of the Enlightenment, and used it to develop his theories of the application ofreason in the public sphere of human affairs.

In the 20th century, in the essay "What is Enlightenment?" (1984) Michel Foucault took up Kant's formulation of "dare to know" in an attempt to find a place for the individual man and woman in post-structuralist philosophy, and so come to terms with the problematic legacy of the enlightenment. Moreover, in the essay The Baroque Episteme: the Word and the Thing (2013) Jean-Claude Vuillemin proposed that the Latin phrase Sapere aude be the motto of the Baroque episteme .

The phrase is widely used as a motto , especially by educational institutions.