Lucca - San Frediano

Lucca existed already in Etruscan times and became a Roman colony in 180 BC. The Diocese of Lucca dates back to the first century, legends tell, that St. Paulinus, a disciple of St. Peter, was the first Bishop of Lucca. In medieval times Lucca was the residence of the Margraves of Tuscany. After the death of Matilda of Tuscany (1115), Lucca constituted itself as an independent republic. Actually the "Republic of Lucca" existed from 1160 to 1805.

San Frediano (aka "Fridianus", "Frigianu") was an Irish hermit, who in 560 became Bishop of Lucca. He died in 588 and got buried in the crypt of a church, that existed here at that time.

The construction of the "Basilica di San Frediano", as seen today, started in 1112. The church was consecrated in 1147. As it was built very close to the city wall, this church is not oriented to the east. About a century after the consecration, the first remodelling was done, enlarging the church - and creating the facade with the monumental mosaic.