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Religion within the Limits of Bare Reason

~ Immanuel Kant

www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/kant1793.pdf

Evil: This as a noun translates Böse and means merely ‘something bad’. (The corresponding adjective (böse) is translated here by ‘bad’, so as to avoid loading it with all the force ‘evil’ has in English when used as an adjective.) For the noun, ‘evil’ is used because we don’t have ‘bad’ as a noun as we have ‘good’ (‘friendship is a good’). This has become a standard philosophical usage—e.g. ‘the problem of evil’ means ‘the problem posed by the existence of bad states of affairs’.

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Dinesh ^club

The complaint that ‘the world lies in evil’ is older than history, indeed as old as that oldest of all poetic endeavours, the religion of the priests. All ·religions· agree that the world began in a good state, whether in a Golden Age, a life in Eden, or an even happier communion with celestial beings. But they soon let this happiness vanish like a dream and give place to a fall into evil (moral evil, always going hand in hand with with physical evil), speeding mankind from bad to worse with accelerated descent; so that now (but this Now is as old as history) we live in the final age, with the Last Day and the destruction of the world knocking at the door. In some parts of India the Judge and •Destroyer of the world, Rudra (sometimes called Siwa or Siva), is already being worshipped as the reigning God, because Vishnu, the •Sustainer of the world became weary of his task some centuries ago and renounced the supreme authority he had inherited from Brahma, the •Creator ·of the world·. ~ Page 8

6 months ago.

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