Next
Dinesh

Dinesh club

Posted: 02 Dec 2014

Taken: 30 Nov 2014

0 favorites     2 comments    17 visits

Location

Lat, Lng:  
Lat, Lng:  
You can copy the above to your favourite mapping app.
Address:  unknown

  View on map

See also...

Keywords

CA •
Sunnyvale •
Excerpt •
GERMANY IN THE WORLD •
Author •
David Blackbourn •

Authorizations, license

Visible by: Everyone
All rights reserved
Photo replaced on 02 Dec 2014
17 visits

Coffee

Coffee
Comments
 Dinesh
Dinesh club
Most of the coffee plantations of Brazil are descended from a single tree that originated in East Africa. Planting were first made in the West Indies, and some of the progeny reared there were transferred to South America, threatening the economies of several countries. It happens that wild varieties of coffee still grow in the Kaffa region of the southwestern Ethiopia, the presumed ancestral land of domestic coffee. Genes restraint to coffee rust were found there and bred into the Brazilian and Central American crops just in time to save the industry. Page 447 “Biophilia” “The Diversity of Life: Author” E. O. Wilson
15 months ago.
 Dinesh
Dinesh club
Coffee was the last of the trio, a commodity often used in tandem with the other two. Originally grown only on the Arabian peninsula, in Yemen, coffee spread through the Ottoman Empire. The Augsburg physician Leonhart Rauwulf reported in his ‘Journey to the Lands of the Orient’ (1582) about the Turks and Arabs having “a good drink which they greatly esteem. They call it ‘chaube’.” Coffee, too, was initially regarded as a form of drug. Dr. Rauwuff told his readers that the drink was “nearly as black as ink and helpful against stomach complaints.” Coffee also purified the blood, so it was believed, and was good against dropsy, gout, colic, and sore eyes. This was a medicinal versatility that rivaled the apothecary’s favorite, sugar. But coffee was also likened to tobacco because, according to the humoral theory, it dried out excessive phlegm and mucus. Coffee beans reached western Europe by different routes. Venetian merchants brought it, as they brought so many commodities from the east; Yemen was also a stopping place for Dutch East India Company ships. The Ottomans carried coffee with them as they advanced into the Habsburg Empire in the seventeenth century, and famously left bags of it behind when they retreated after the failed siege of Vienna in 1683. Europeans then planted the copy the Dutch in Java and Surinam, the French in the Antilles. Saint-Domingue, best known as sugar island, also produced sixty thousand pounds of coffee in 1789. Coffee was shipped back to Bordeaux, then re-exported to Amsterdam or Hamburg coffee drinking became well established in german lands in the eighteenth century, although it was not the thick, “Turkish” coffee of the Ottomans, but a lighter drink from which sediment had been removed and to which both milk and sugar were sometimes added. ~ Page 131

GERMANY IN THE WORLD
2 weeks ago. Edited 2 weeks ago.

Sign-in to write a comment.