Mabel Fairbanks

Part of what fueled Fairbanks’ passion for skating was watching a Sonja Henie movie in the 1930s. Henie would later bar Fairbanks from competing in an Ice Show.

From a huge living room window overlooking New York's Central Park, Mabel Fairbanks, a baby-sitter young enough to need a baby-sitter of her own, would look out at the skaters twirling, jumping and gliding on the frozen lake. Just days before, the girl--too young to get a job and homeless-- had been sleeping in the park when a woman spotted her and offered her the work.

But Fairbanks ached to skate with the other children. When she had the time, she took to the ice at the park's free skating sessions in used skates, two sizes too big, that she bought for $1 at a pawn shop.

She couldn't afford lessons. And even if she could have, the rinks wouldn't have allowed her in. It was the 1930s and Fairbanks, an African American, was repeatedly told she had no business wearing skates in an era when the words "Colored Trade Is Not Solicited" were prominently displayed at many ice rinks.

But that didn't stop Fairbanks from teaching herself--and later, as a young adult, from overcoming barriers to become a pioneer in the skating world for people of color, a top coach and, in 1997, the first African American woman inducted into the U.S. Figure Skating Hall of Fame in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Fairbanks, who was born November 14, 1915 in the Florida Everglades of African American and Seminole ancestry, according to her birth records. She never was accepted into competitive skating and was denied a shot at the Olympics because of the color of her skin. But she still had the moxie to make her own moves on ice.

That caught the attention of others, including figure skater and coach Maribel Vinson (nine times U.S. Ladies Champion) who recognized Fairbanks' talent and offered advice on technique. Howard Nicholson, another well-known coach of the era, joined Vinson in contributing to Fairbanks' development. Fairbanks also benefited from watching and listening while the white children received formal instruction. She copied and practiced their moves.

Undaunted by racism, Fairbanks continued to practice at various rinks in New York, earning money by skating for black community benefits and charities. Soon, she was producing her own programs and presenting them at the Gay Blades Ice Arena in Manhattan to a mixed but mostly black audience.

She also earned income by being the only black skater in some of the many small ice shows that performed in nightclubs.

She did not have any jumps or skating moves named after her (such as the Lutz, named after Alois Lutz or the Sachow named after Ulrich Slachow). One of her signature moves a spin—where she extended her leg back and above her head and another where she hold her leg straight up—which are commonplace today were dismissed as “spin variations.”

She was always billed as the "extra added attraction" but was never allowed to dazzle the audience with her skill and amazing jumps and spins because "none of the white skaters wanted to be outshone by someone black," she recalled in a 1998 interview.

She traveled with ice shows to Mexico and other countries where there was greater acceptance of mixed races in such productions.

Later, after coming to Los Angeles in the 1940s, she gained fame and respect as a coach focused on young competitive skaters of all races and backgrounds.

She is credited with pairing up Tai Babilonia with Randy Gardner, who later became five-time national pairs champions in the 1970s. She also worked with the future champions Atoy Wilson, Scott Hamilton, Kristi Yamaguchi, Rudy Galindo, Tiffany Chin, Debi Thomas, Leslie Robinson and Michelle McCladdie.

Fairbanks also continued to knock down barriers and fight the politics of skating. Her own exclusion from skating clubs propelled her to petition the Culver City skating club in 1965 to admit Richard Ewell III, which it did. Ewell is thought to be the first black to gain admission to a U.S. skating club.

A year later, she coached Wilson to become the first African American national champion with his U.S. Novice Men's division title.

Wilson, met Fairbanks when he was 8. He was skating at the Polar Palace Ice Skating Rink, which today is the home of Raleigh Studios on Melrose Avenue in Hollywood, when Fairbanks spotted the youngster and began working with him.

"Her students have gone on to become lawyers, doctors, teachers, writers. She coached them to stand on all those podiums even though she never got to stand on one herself. That's what made her a human champion."

She died in 2001 at the age of 85 and was posthumously inducted into the International Women’s Sports Hall of Fame.

Two of her protégés (Atoy Wilson and Tai Babilonia) are working on a TV project based on Mabel Fairbanks’ life.

Sources: Los Angeles Times (Oct. 4, 2001) Michael Quintanilla (Staff Writer); The Weekly Challenger (Nov. 10, 2016) by TWC; Harlick Skating Boots; LA Times (Aug. 2020) by Helene Elliott