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www.grca.org/history/notes.pdf
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PEDIGREE OF PRIM and ROSE | |
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Breed: |
Yellow Retrievers |
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Sex: |
Bitches |
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Colour: |
Yellow |
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Breed by Owner: |
1st Lord Tweedmouth Guisachan, Beauly, Inverness-shire |
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Date of Birth: |
1889 |
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NOUS (1884)Yellow. One of four yellow puppies |
Jack(1875)Hon E.Marjoribanks 2nd Lord Tweedmouth |
SAMPSON, Red Setter, Hon E. Marjoribanks and Lord Tweedmouth |
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COWSLIP(1868). |
NOUS, yellow Retriever, bought 1864, died 1872 |
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BELLE, Tweed water Spaniel, given 1867, from Ladvkirk | ||||
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ZOE (1877) |
SAMBO (Sir Henry Meux's presumed black flat or wavycoated Retriever) |
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TOPSY(1873) |
TWEED, Tweed Water Spaniel, given 1872, from Ladykirk | |||
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COWSLIP (1868) |
NOUS, Yellow Retrieverl864-1872 | |||
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QUEENIE(1887)Black. One of ten black puppies |
TRACER,black flatcoat or wavy coated Retriever, full brother to Ch.Moonstone |
ZELSTONE(1880),black, said to be half-bred Labrador |
BEN (1877) |
SHOT,half-brother to Old FagBENA, litter sister to Ben (Labrador) |
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BRIDGET |
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Think, black |
DUSK (1877) |
THORN (late Bob), 1873, by Victor (1869) X Young Bounce | ||
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Ch. WISDOM (late Jenny), black (1875) |
MOLIERE (1896) | |||
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GILL (1884), yellow |
JACK (1875) |
COWSLIP (1868) |
NOUS, Yellow Retriever, 1864-1872 | |
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ZOE (1877) |
SAMBO (presumed black) |
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TOPSY(1877) |
TWEED,Tweed Water Spaniel |
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Books On The Golden Retriever include: |
je cite:"La notion de dominant et de soumis a ete introduite par
Piaget. Elle ne concerne que les interactions entre individus d'un meme
groupe, possedant les memes codes, et soumis aux memes conditions.
Le
chien dominant n'est dominant qu'en fonction du ou des chiens avec
lesquels il est observé. Il est dominant ou soumis dans un groupe de
chiens donné, mais vis a vis des ses maitres, il est soit perturbé,
soit confiant.
Le chien dominant dans un groupe est respecté, sans
qu'il y ait agressivite. Et un chien agressif n'est PAS un chien
dominant, justement.
De grace, arretons de parler du loup, de
l'alpha, etc...puisque le loup est observé dans son groupe constitué.
Oui, on observe un loup dominant dans une meute. Prenez ce loup
dominant, anesthesiez le, et laisse le se reveiller dans un parc avec
d'autres loups d'une meute deja constituée, et reparlez moi de la
"dominance" de ce loup là!
(Et pour repondre a une phrase ici, non,
en aucun cas le loup dominant qui se retrouve une petite faim ne peut
reprendre sa nourriture à un membre du groupe, si le "dominé" a encore
faim, le "dominé" va grogner, et defendre son bifteck! et ce sera
respecté)
Il y a un cinema pas possible sur les loups, avec une
tonne d'idees recues. Si vraiment l'homme etait un "loup pour l'homme",
on aurait enfin un monde plus confortable. Arretons avec l'image du
loup sanguinaire toujours a grogner, se battre: les loups jouent, se
calinent, negocient, se font confiance... et font le maximum pour
eviter les conflits.
Voir a ce sujet le formidable livre paru en 2003, "quand on parle du loup" de Robert Igel.
Il
ne peut y avoir de dominance inter espece. C'est contraire à la
définition meme. Les chiens ne prennent en aucun cas les humains pour
d'autres chiens, tout comme ils ne se prennent pas pour des humains
(sauf probleme specifique d'elevage entre 3 et 6 semaines).
L'histoire
du chien qui prend la famille pour une meute canine est un mythe. C'est
encore plus navrant de voir que ceux la meme qui disent "mon chien doit
m'obeir puisque je suis l'alpha de sa meute" sont les memes qui
affirment "mon chien doit respecter tous les humains, parce qu'il doit
savoir sa place"
Soyons logique, soit il y a meute, melangeant
chiens et humains d'une meme famille (alors tous les autres, chiens ou
humains, au meme titre, sont "hors meute", et doivent être évités ou
chassé) soit le chien ne réagit pas du tout comme un loup dans sa
meute, ses competences sociales sont totalement modifiées!
Si vous
demandez a votre chien d'avoir un comportement special avec l'espece
humaine en general, vous ne pouvez pas en meme temps vous adjuger une
superiorité de dominance canine.
Apres il y a la notion de
hierarchie... là encore, c'est tellement facile de penser, A est le
chef qui decide, puis B, puis C etc... (surtout quand l'humain decide
qu'il a de droit divin la position de A) sauf que ce n'est pas le cas.
Il n'y a pas une hierarchie, mais des hierarchies imbriquées, celle des
males, celle des femelles, celle des juveniles (entre 4-6 mois et 1-3
ans selon les tailles), et les jeux des bebes (jusqu'à 4 à 6 mois). (où
se situe l'humain, dans ce cas?).
Et puis il y a les privileges, qui
marquent la hierarchie. Sauf qu'il y a des accords sur les privileges,
et on peut tout a fait voir le "dominant dans les jeux" etre le "soumis
pour la gamelle".
Alors laissons aux humains les vrais mots, un
humain peut jouer sur l'autorité, obtenant la confiance du chien en
utilisant l'intelligence, ou sur la tyranie, obtenant l'obeissance par
la peur. Mais n'attendons pas du chien qu'il pense en humain, et stop
au ridicule de vouloir qu'il voit son maitre comme "super-chien".
Les
canidés, n'etant pas idiots, choisissent leur superieur hierachique en
fonction de ses interactions dominantes. De fait un dominant d'un
groupe peut etre consideré comme un bon leader potentiel, puisqu'il
sait d'instinct entrainer les autres et eviter les conflits. (C'est
aussi le cas des leaders des chahuts ou des rebellions!)
Mais quand
un chien est adopte par un humain, c'est comme le jour ou le "bleu"
rentre dans la caserne! Il tombe sur le gradé qui lui est affecté, sans
negociation possible.
Le jeu de l'humain doit donc etre d'etre
intelligemment un "bon chef", pour eviter les mutineries, mais ce n'est
pas de la dominance, c'est de l'autorité et de la hierarchie bien gérée.
-
On ne peut pas parler d' "un chien dominant". On peut juste observer
que dans telles circonstances, avec tels autres chiens, on observe
nettement que les autres chiens laissent des privileges a ce chien là...
(Par
exemple, ce chien renifle un endroit, les autres le suivent pour
renifler le meme endroit, un chien urine, ce chien là viendra uriner
par dessus, mais quand ce chien là urine, les autres vont ailleurs,
quand ils jouent, les autres lui laissent le baton ou la balle, sans
chercher à s'en emparer... etc etc)
Le gros, l'enorme probleme,
encore une fois, c'est que les grands "utilisateurs" du mot dominance
font tres souvent un enorme faux sens: "mon chien est dominant parce
qu'il grogne quand...". Raté, ce n'est pas ca la dominance, ca, c'est
de la sensibilité à la menace! C'est a dire que c'est un chien qui a
une inquietude/peur/anxieté (selon le degre).
Si on confond malaise
et dominance, si on pense qu'un chien qui grogne par inquietude est un
chien qui agresse et merite une reprimande pour son insolence,
evidemment, toute sa vie, il gardera son inquietude, et le maitre verra
un chien qui "reste dominant"!
- Ah, l'histoire du chien qui se
precipite devant!!! lol! Au moment de sortir, tout dans l'attitude du
maitre montre que c'est un acte neutre pour un humain, mais par contre
bien souvent le maitre incite le chien, l'invite.
En clair, le
maitre annonce souvent qu'il "sort le chien" ou "on va se promener" ou
"on va manger en bas"... des fois meme "vite, on y va" . Comment le
chien pourrait il comprendre qu'il est invité de la voix et du geste a
sortir mais doit rester en arriere?
Pourquoi le chien devrait-il se
sentir limité dans ses possibilités physiques, si on ne lui a pas
enseigné une conduite differente?
Donc, le chien, dans ce moment de
grande excitation, se precipite dehors... parce qu'il a 4 pattes qui
vont vite, et une grosse dose d'enthousiasme. Il n'y a aucune,
strictement aucune valeur de dominance, ni meme de hierarchie. En
revanche, il est excellent de savoir enseigner à son chien de savoir
attendre, ou passer derriere, meme dans une circonstance aussi
bouleversifiante que la porte qui s'ouvre pour une balade!!! Mais c'est
juste un exercice d'obeissance, rien de plus!
- Faut vraiment se
gratouiller le mental pour arriver à penser qu'un chien qui regarde son
maitre dans les yeux le nargue! (voir mon avatar !). Je sais meme pas
quoi repondre à ca. Comment peut on se rendre compte qu'un chien vous
regarde dans les yeux si on n'est pas en train de le regarder aussi
dans les yeux??? Qui fixe l'autre? Comment fait on pour demander ou
refuser un contact visuel prolongé?
Je pense qu'il y a quelque
part un coté malsain dans cette recherche de certains de tous ces
"signes alertants". A force d'interpreter le moindre fremissement
d'oreille comme une preuve de soif de pouvoir du chien, ils oublient
toute logique de confiance, et fabriquent des chiens destabilisés.
Thérorie sur la dominance
Note
: Les informations contenues dans cet article sont tirées dun entretien
avec le docteur Ian Dunbar, qui a passé neuf années à étudier le
comportement social des chiens dans le cadre de létude mentionnée
ci-dessous. Dans une version plus ancienne de cet article, létude de 30
ans avait été attribuée au ... David Mech. Cétait une erreur. Le
chercheur qui a mené cette étude était le ... Frank Beach. Un effort a
été fait pour corriger cette erreur.
La théorie originale de la
dominance de lalpha est née à la suite de courtes études sur les meutes
de loups dans les années 40. Celles-ci étaient les premières études
dans leur genre. Ces études furent un bon départ, mais des recherches
plus récentes ont réfuté la plupart des résultats. Il y avait 3 défauts
majeurs dans ces études :
1. Il sagissait détudes à court terme.
Les chercheurs se sont donc concentrés sur les parties les plus
manifestes et évidentes de la vie des loups, telles que la chasse. Les
études ne sont donc pas représentatives puisquelles schématisent le
comportement du loup seulement sur 1% de sa vie.
2. Ces études
ont observé ce qui est aujourdhui connu comme des démonstrations
rituelles. Ces démonstrations ont été mal interprétées à lépoque.
Malheureusement, cest de là quest issue la majeure partie du modèle de
la dominance, et bien que ces considérations aient été solidement
réfutées, elles continuent de prospérer dans lopinion et la pratique du
dressage canin.
Par exemple, lalpha qui retourne lautre chien.
Les premiers chercheurs observèrent ce comportement et conclurent que
le loup dont le rang était le plus élevé faisait rouler le soumis pour
exercer sa dominance. Eh bien, pas exactement. Il sagit en fait dun
rituel dapaisement dont le SUBORDONNE a linitiative. Le dominé offre
son museau et quand le loup de plus haut rang mordille son museau, le
dominé roule volontairement et présente son ventre. Il ny a pas de
rapport de force. Tout est entièrement volontaire de la part du dominé.
Un
loup renverserait un autre loup contre sa volonté uniquement sil avait
lintention de le tuer. Imaginez dès lors un seul instant ce que le fait
de retourner un chien contre sa volonté peut avoir comme conséquences
sur son psychique !
3. Finalement, après ces études, les
chercheurs ont fait des extrapolations cavalières en transposant leurs
résultats sur des modèles chien-loup, chien-chien, humain-chien.
Malheureusement, ces absurdités abondent toujours.
Alors quelle
est la vérité ? La vérité cest que les chiens ne sont pas des loups.
Honnêtement, si vous tenez compte du nombre de générations écoulées
(entre le loup et le chien), en disant : "Je veux apprendre à interagir
avec mon chien, donc je me base sur les loups". Ca a à peu près autant
de sens que de dire : "Je veux améliorer mes relations avec mes
parents, voyons comment font les chimpanzés".
Le ... Frank Beach
effectué 30 ans détudes sur les chiens à Yale et à Berckley. Dix-neuf
années de cette étude ont été consacrées au comportement social dune
meute de chiens (pas une meute de loups, mais bel et bien une meute de
chiens).
Les chiens mâles ont une hiérarchie rigide.
Les femelles ont une hiérarchie, mais elle est plus variable.
Lorsque
vous mélangez les sexes, les règles se confondent. Les mâles tentent de
suivre leur constitution, mais les femelles ont des variations, des
adaptations.
Les jeunes chiots ont ce que lon pourrait appeler un "permis de chiot". En soi, ils ont le droit de faire tout ce quils veulent.
Le
"permis de chiot" est révoqué à lâge de 4 mois environ. A ce moment-là,
les chiens plus âgés situés au milieu de la hiérarchie transforment la
vie du chiot en un véritable enfer en le torturant psychologiquement
jusquà ce quil adopte les comportements dapaisement appropriés et quil
prenne sa place tout en bas de la hiérarchie. Les chiens haut-placés
ignorent totalement ce processus.
Il ny a pas de domination physique. Tout est accompli au travers du harcèlement psychologique. Tout est ritualisé.
Une
petite minorité de chiens alpha montrent leur position par
lintimidation et la force. Ceux qui font cela sont rapidement
destitués. Personne naime les dictateurs.
La grande
majorité des chiens alpha règnent de manière bienveillante. Ils ont
confiance en leur position. Ils ne se bagarrent pas pour prouver où est
leur place. Procéder ainsi rabaisserait leur statut, car
Les
chiens situés au milieu de la hiérarchie se bagarrent. Leur position
est fragile et ils veulent dépasser les autres chiens dont le rang est
également au centre de la hiérarchie.
Les chiens situés
tout en bas de la hiérarchie ne se battent pas. Ils savent quils
perdraient. Ils connaissent leur position et lacceptent.
Alpha
ne signifie pas dêtre physiquement dominant. Cela signifie "maître des
ressources". Beaucoup de chiens alpha sont trop petits ou trop faibles
pour dominer de manière physique. Mais ils ont gagné le droit de
contrôler les ressources. Un unique chien détermine quelles ressources
il considère comme importantes. Ainsi, un chien alpha peut renoncer à
un lieu de couchage de premier choix car il sen fiche éperdument
(puisquil dort où il veut).
Contrôle génétique d’une population canine
Ir. Ed. J. Gubbels - Traduction E. Pacitto - Photos C. Hermeline et DRA
l’occasion de la Mondiale d’Amsterdam, Ir. Ed. J. Gubbels, généticien
et membre du département santé, comportement et bien-être (GGW) de la
Centrale canine hollandaise, a fait un brillant exposé sur la sélection
canine. En voici le texte intégral, que tout responsable d’une
association de race se doit de méditer…
C’est
dans le courant de la deuxième moitié du 19e siècle que l’on vit
apparaître les notions « de consanguinité et de sélection », dans
l’élevage d’animaux domestiques. A partir de 1900, cette méthode fut
largement appliquée aussi bien aux animaux de compagnie qu’aux animaux
de ferme. Les avantages de cette méthode se révélèrent particulièrement
évidents lors des premières phases de l’élevage à pedigree, dont le but
était la recherche de la conformité. De par son utilisation, les
éleveurs furent capables de fixer les caractéristiques souhaitées dans
leur élevage, et par conséquent, de les transmettre aux générations
suivantes.
Mais
cette méthode d’élevage a aussi ses inconvénients. Son application
systématique ne concentre pas seulement les gènes souhaités, mais
également les prédispositions héréditaires aux caractéristiques non
désirées. Le problème est que ces gènes néfastes sont alors répandus,
même si les générations suivantes n’en montrent qu’une partie limitée
dans leur descendance. Ces gènes se retrouvent cachés chez des
porteurs. On ne se rend compte des effets négatifs que bien plus tard –
après plusieurs générations – quand ces gènes négatifs se sont
tellement répandus que le travail de sélection se retrouve
virtuellement anéanti. Qui plus est, des problèmes héréditaires
impliquant des transmissions de traits plus complexes, ne peuvent
absolument pas être combattus par ce système de sélection individuelle.Consanguinité et sélection
Dans
le monde de l’élevage canin, « la consanguinité et la sélection » sont
encore toujours d’actualité. Ce qui peut en gros se résumer à ceci : le
degré de consanguinité est de plus en plus élevé. Le but est de fixer
les meilleures caractéristiques des chiens de race. La sélection doit
favoriser les caractéristiques désirées – les traits les plus marquants
du chien – et contrer les caractéristiques non souhaitées – tels que
les problèmes de santé et de bien-être. Les deux objectifs étant « la
conservation » et « l’amélioration ».
La
majorité des éleveurs pense agir en faveur de la conservation, à partir
du moment où ils ne croisent que des chiens de pure race. Quant à
l’amélioration, la plupart des éleveurs pensent aussi qu’ils peuvent y
arriver, en laissant les « meilleurs » chiens contribuer le plus
possible à la reproduction des générations futures. Ils pensent aussi
que cette approche permet d’éradiquer les problèmes de santé et de
bien-être chez les chiens de race. La réalité de l’élevage est
cependant toute différente.
Le
fait est qu’en dépit de tous nos efforts, le pourcentage d’animaux
souffrant de troubles héréditaires semble ne cesser d’augmenter, et non
pas de diminuer. Toutes nos tentatives pour améliorer la santé et le
bien-être de la population des chiens de race via cette sélection,
aboutit quasiment au néant. Quelquefois, nous arrivons à éradiquer une
tare d’un côté, mais on peut en voir d’autres fleurir d’un autre côté.
Il paraît évident que la méthode de sélection utilisée ne nous permet
pas d’arriver à une véritable amélioration. Il faudrait pour cela mener
une approche toute différente. Si nous ne réussissons pas à réduire les
problèmes de santé et de bien-être de nos chiens de race à des niveaux
acceptables, nos races perdent alors leur droit d’exister.
Dans
la plupart des cas, la structure d’élevage de nos chiens de race est
très complexe. Il faut tenir compte des sauts de générations et du fait
que les contributions individuelles aux générations à venir ne cessent
de changer, tout comme celles des lignées et des groupes sélectionnés.
Chaque éleveur a ses propres priorité dans son élevage. Dans une
situation réelle d’élevage, il n’est pas possible d’isoler les
conséquences des différentes mesures d’une politique de sélection. De
nombreuses forces génétiques ont des impacts simultanés. Des fois, ces
effets s’annulent, alors que d’autres fois ils vont se renforcer. Pour
voir plus clairement les conséquences de notre politique d’élevage, il
faut regarder séparément les effets de chacune des mesures prises.
On
se tourne alors vers une population modèle pour apprendre les
influences et effets des forces génétiques à l’œuvre. De telles forces
sont de nature différente. Certaines sont des lois inexplicables de la
nature. Ces forces s’appliquent pour toute population, que nous
intervenions ou pas. D’autres forces apparaissent car nous les
provoquons, mises en mouvement par nos mesures d’élevage.
Nous
pouvons voir ce qui se passe quand nous appliquons une série de mesures
à notre population modèle, et par conséquent « traduire » ces leçons
dans la réalité de l’élevage. Pas à pas, on introduit des
complications. A la fin de l’exercice, nous pouvons arriver à certaines
conclusions sur les conditions de l’élevage, qui s’approchent de la
réalité actuelle.
| 1) La population modèle |
| 2) Une sélection pour lutter contre les dégénérescences et les désordres héréditaires |
| 3) Surexploitation du stock d’élevage |
| 4) Accroissement de l’échelle d’élevage |
| 5) Une nouvelle politique d’élevage |
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Apportables lancés avec le lanceur environ 40 m.
Le chien à compris ce que je lui demandais ,mais va pas sur la zone ou ce trouve les apportables faut que je le sorte de l'endroit ou il va, pour le mettre dans la zone des apportables, il trouve et rapporte l'apportable et bien sur méga fête pour le chien .
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Judges: M Bettinson, PJ Wagland, D Probert, R Tomlinson
Result
1st Coupar's Piaute Pete who qualifies for the Retriever Championship
(Robenda Paiute x Woodsprite Mist)
2nd Atkinson's Holway Volley
(Standerwick Remus of Merryway x Holway Evita)
3rd and Gun's Choice - Ashdown's Mistybrook Connor
(Moscargrange Amos x Courtridge Chelsea)
4th Hargreaves Birdsgreen Ash
(FT Ch Kessgold Volvo x Birdsgreen Pampered Gale)
COM Atkinson's Merryway Purdey of Holway
(Holway Banjo x Holway Rolo of Merryway)
The 3rd place dog also won the award for a dog who also had a show
award which he won at the GRC Championship show this year.
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Making, Not Finding
My golden FT Ch Littlemarston Comma of Wydcombe was whelped on August 26 1984, gained her title on January 9 1990 and died on June 3 1997. Active and thrilled to be included in any training activities right to the end she did not long the survive deep surgery which failed to get to the root of the problem which first been similarly operated on in January. Though she must have been in massive discomfort she, not for the first time, had given no hint of a problem, the seriousness of which shocked the vet when he investigated. Always readily cooperative, the practice considered her its easiest patient. We simply had forever to guard against supposing her sound when she was in fact carrying some ailment or injury. We did not always succeed.
Making, not finding is my title for this piece because her career exemplifies a point whose importance can't be over-emphasised. When it comes to strategy with dogs there are those who seem to think they will be able to find what they are looking for. They seem to achieve a remarkable turnover of dogs and, since sentiment often decrees that some are kept, quickly become over dogged. The alternative approach concentrates on doing whatever is necessary to make something of what you have, recognising that all dogs are individuals and that each will need some training particular to it. Of course in practice it's not quite such an either or matter: but the point is worth making that way because the difference in underlying philosophy is fundamental.
Patience matters and, as the late Eric Baldwin used to remark, "there's many a dog ruined before it's four". Similarly Bob Baldwin, three times a winner of the Retriever Championship, used to counsel against running dogs in trials in their season and was wary about giving them experience on runners until they were really mature. Making haste slowly was a precept I had in mind when I acquired Comma and it was underlined by her breeder Michael Dare's comment to me when she was still quite young that it hadn't really come together with her dam' FTCh Holway Calla, until she was three.
Calla was the main reason I had been so keen on the puppy. She had been regularly shot over and, though never extensively trailed, had won three open stakes in successive seasons, suggesting a sound temperament to go with her uncanny sense of where the game might be. At the conclusion of one of those wins I saw her twice immediately pick a bird from a copse after the other final round dogs had worked long and hard for their finds. A seemingly innate ability to put herself right in relation to the work she had to do never deserted her. Game finding is what really matters and on that score she had real quality.
She had been put to FTCh Holway Trumpet and since I had his little sister Holway Cymbal of Wydcombe I felt I had a good sense of what to expect from the mating. As well as three seconds in open stakes she was an incredibly reliable test performer with a good few prestigious wins to her credit. Imagine, then, how disconcerting it was to find myself, in Comma, with a young dog who quite simply seemed to lack the fire that, more than anything, I associate with the Holway goldens.
The training diary speaks plainly of my impressions. Time and time again I am writing that 'she never looks at all exciting' though I concede that Comma - named after the butterfly rather than the punctuation mark - does do things very efficiently. She marks well, mostly puts herself right for the wind and invariably stays in the area of the fall. Reading through those pages and pages of entries the word I keep finding myself using to characterise her work is 'sensible', a quality which- though admirable - would, I felt, be unlikely to catch the eye of a judge.
What Comma seem to lack was drive. She was a charming and undemanding dog about the house. There was none of that pushy nosing of one's arm when seeking attention: instead she would sit politely alongside and offer a paw. Endearing as such self-effacing mannerliness undoubtedly was, the diary brutally records my doubts about the quality as applied to work. With Comma twenty-six months old the carefully considered phrase 'hopeless prospect' appears after one particularly uninspiring session.
But drive alone is no virtue. Indeed, Vincent Routledge, in my favourite gundog book, The Ideal Retriever and How to Handle Him, is careful to distinguish drive and determination when setting out the primary qualities required in a retriever. Dogs with determination will 'go on hunting until call up' and will 'nearly always face punishing cover when required', he writes, whereas drive is 'all to often applied to a dog which hunts wildly and wide, never marking good the ground as he goes.' Before determination, though, Routledge put nose and brains. And on those criteria Comma was as impressive as she was disappointing on the speed stakes.
I had determined early on that there was little point in running her in working tests which would surely highlighted her shortcomings without providing an opportunity to display her better qualities. And though I, perhaps, under-valued them at the outset they were very real. They were what I had to work on. For she would always show a more than usual readiness to adjust her pace to suit scenting conditions and an ability to hold the merest touch of scent. She came into her own on game and became reliable on runners. With some relief I came to see that a dog which I had almost discounted and whose career was, in some respects, unconventional nonetheless had prospects. In the event she put together a creditable trial record which, amongst other awards, included three any variety open stake wins: the first of them a 24 dog stake, which she won with impeccable marking and eyewipes, made possible by acute nosework. In the trial which made her up she did her best work third dog down on birds that were never found, owning lines that others had been unable to acknowledge and trying desperately to make something of them. Her performance in an invitation test at Sandringham some months later prompted one of the judges, the late Cicely McMullen, to sympathise with Comma who seemed to her to be working under sufferance.
She was. There never was any point involving her with working tests. Gamefinding was a different story though. And together with her unfailing equanimity it made her a marvellous dog to shoot over. Most shooting dogs become sweet old things in time. Comma always was. She may not have been a dog to make the hairs on your neck stand on end, but she was utterly well mannered and totally sound. She never anything nor made a sound whilst working. A thoroughly good sort in fact.
Marilyn, my wife, who had championed Comma's qualities whilst I was still dwelling on her shortcomings, tearfully eulogised her as someone 'who spoke to everyone and made no demands: a very important person'. I could only agree. You really miss a dog like that.
The Origin of the Breed
Until the discovery of Lord Tweedmouth's stud books in 1952 the breed was thought to have originated from a troupe of Russian circus dogs which Lord Tweedmouth saw performing in Brighton in 1858. These dogs were thought to be about 30 inches at the shoulder with thick wavy coats, varying in colour from cream to light biscuit. Lord Tweedmouth was said to be so impressed by their intelligence, looks and docility, that he purchased all 8 of them and had them transported to his Scottish Estate at Guisachan, where they were used for tracking deer.
However the sixth Earl of Ilchester, a great-nephew of Lord Tweedmouth, in 1952, dismissed the Russian theory, basing his evidence on a stud book meticulously kept from 1835 which recorded all the dogs kept at Guisachan and in which there was no mention of the Russian dogs. The entry of 'Nous' hitherto always thought to be one of the Russian circus troupe, reads 'Lord Chichester's breed - June 1864 - purchased at Brighton. Lord Tweedmouth's Grandson had stated that his Grandfather bought his first yellow dog from a cobbler in Brighton, who said it had been the one yellow puppy in a litter of black wavy-coated Retrievers, and was given to him by a keeper in payment of a debt. This puppy was Nous.
During the time from the first mating in 1868 to the last in 1889, some of the puppies bred were kept, some were given to keepers on neighbouring estates and others to friends and relations in England and Scotland, thus the early kennels were founded.
The first Golden Retrievers to be exhibited were in 1908.These belonged to Viscount Harcourt who started his 'Culham' line with stock from the Earl of Portsmouth. They were shown at Cruft's and the Crystal Palace, although at that time they were not officially recognised as a separate breed of Retriever. In 1906 Mrs Charlesworth obtained her first Golden, a bitch puppy without a pedigree, whom she named Normanby Beauty. She proved to be a highly intelligent and tireless worker. In 1908 she mated her to Culham Brass and in 1909 she joined Lord Harcourt as the only other exhibitor of the 'yellow' retrievers. In 1909 although there was still no separate classification for them, eight Goldens appeared at Cruft's, while ten appeared in 1910.
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GRC FT Secretary Gwen Knox welcomed the teams and spectators and explained the format for the day. Each team would undergo 6 tests which had been devised by June Atkinson, Ken Chandler & Judith Evans.
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1. Ralph Pitafield with Bramble (22.8 secs) 2. June Atkinson with Volley (23.5 secs) 3. Toby Mann with Bisto (25 secs) |
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Best Male ~ Robin Watson Best Female ~ Jane Hodgson |
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THE GOLDEN RETRIEVER AS A WORKING GUNDOG
Graham Cox looks at what makes Goldens distinctive
| | The competitive record of the labrador doesn't simply speak for itself. It shouts and stamps its feet. Nor is the record a matter of recent provenance. Once the labrador came seriously onto the scene the speed with which, colossus like, it came to bestride the world of working retrievers, was nothing short of remarkable. The first trial for retrievers in 1899, won by the Flatcoated Retriever 'Painter' was in fact a mixed stake with two Clumbers, one Irish Spaniel and one Field Spaniel competing alongside a Curly Coated retriever and five Flatcoats. So there was no labrador represented. A decade and more on, in the last full season before the Great War, some 14 field trial meetings were held and, of the 247 dogs which entered, no fewer than 179 were labradors. Succeeding years simply accentuated the pattern as curly coats departed the competitive scene and flatcoats receeded. |
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| At little later the Rev. E.N. Needham-Davies, contributing a chapter on the breed to a book entitled Gun Dogs; Their Training, Working & Managment and conscious that his article would be read in a comparative sense with the articles on other varieties of the retriever family, drew attention to similair qualities. Being a younger breed the Goldens, he felt, had not been crossed as had happened with some other varieties. So, whereas some Field Trial work showed dogs to be very reliant on the whistle the Golden had not lost his ancestors' hunting traits. "Fast and sure", he wrote, "is excellent, they are two gundog virtues but the greater of these is sureness. The Golden, broadly speaking, is sure". with "a nose second to none, he holds his line and carries it". Too much pace, he added, and he may drop it. |
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"Tiptop" as water-dogs, they could also generally be relied upon to be bold in cover: though he was careful to add that generalities can be dangerous. Where he was unequivocal was in extolling the virtue of what we would now call biddability. The Golden, he said, "is a nice dog to teach. He is kind and willing to learn", adding "I would say that he was on the whole easier to break than the other varieties". This from a man who "had, bred, trained and used Curlies, Flats and Labradors." Generalities are, indeed, problematic. Even this one, So, although we may restrict our attention to working bred dogs we soon become aware that the force of different bloodlines may be such that variations within the breeds can be as significant as differences between them. As ever there is no substitute for knowing your stock and moderating the training process accordingly. But there certainly are popular suppositions about goldens and the most prevalent is the truism that goldens are slower to develop than labradors: puppyish and playful for longer with everything which that implies for progress. |
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| As a generalisation that is on track, but it doesn't say enough. What matters is that temperament develops more slowly than raw intelligence. You have, therefore, to resist the temptation to race ahead: a temptation which is ever present because of the speed which working goldens typically learn things. More to the point, I think, is a less generally acknowledged characteristic which is every bit as relevant to the strategy you adopt. The shortest way of expressing it is via June Atkinson's warning "you must never lose your temper with a golden" and the best way of elaborating the point is to draw on the wisdom of the man who, for over thirty years, was responsible for the breeding, rearing and training programmes of the Guide Dogs For The Blind Association. Derek Freeman's Barking Up The Right Tree published in 1991 presents fascinating insights from an organisation which has had its best success rates with Golden Retriever and Labrador first-crosses. Of goldens he writes that willingness sometimes dries up and that this used to be termed 'stubborness'. That isn't, he says, a fair description. "A better term is 'lack of generosity'. Golden Retrievers are intelligent, they know what life is about and as individuals soon get to know what they can get away with. It is a breed which is easily offended and when their generosity or willingness is withdrawn, it can sometimes be difficult to restore". |
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| That is incredibly perceptive. Goldens need to have their sensitivity respected and they assuredly do not need to have their intelligence patronised by people confusing a different pace of maturing with innate ability. Those are two very different things even if you can only realise the potential of the one by taking full account of the other. Appreciate these points and much else falls into place. Goldens are gregarious and take less readily to kennel regimes. Above all they relate. They want to be with humans. It is possible to let goldens be 'wild' as puppies and still get them back 'in hand'. By contrast, and this is the assessment I have heard from massively experienced and successful trainers, you would in all probability lose a labrador if you let it go. A labrador is more than happy to be independent whereas the golden wishes to be with a human. It is always dangerous to treat the best cases as if they were the generality, but there are guns who have 'lost' labradors and had it suggested that they try a golden and it works. |
| By the same token these considerations, taken together, go a long way to accounting for the fact that when it comes to labrador enthusiasts fancying 'having a go' at training a golden it seems to be a case of 'many are called but few are chosen'. Janet Webb and Nigel Mann come to mind, but then one struggles. Keith Erlandson's first trial bred dog was a golden who proved, by his account, 'unbelievably easy' to train and in his assessment of the breed a quarter century ago he wrote "A good golden is second to none and at the risk of sounding controversial I believe a top specimen can actually be superior to the very best Labrador but I will admit that such dogs are very thin on the ground." It would be hard to avoid going along with that assessment: though as of now one would have to concede that at the very highest levels of field trial competition 'very thin' is looking even thinner. |
| Working goldens are an important part of a very broadly based pyramid of working gundogs who make their contribution to the sport of shooting in ways too numerous to spell out. Field trial competition is, or should be, normal work in the field carried to a higher state of perfection. Trials dogs are at the apex of that broadly based pyramid because trials constitute the only public and accountable examination of the quality of a dog's work. At the very highest level, the IGL Championship, the minimal golden presence has not enjoyed any distinction of late and it is now almost two decades since the most recent of the breed's three victories was achieved. | |
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It would be quite wrong to draw pessimistic conclusions however. Look at less exalted levels of competition and the picture is one of commitment and enthusiasm. Participation rates can often tell us more than success rates which, for all kinds of reasons, can be more variable. Over the past three seasons the number of Goldens running in Open. All Aged and Novice stakes have remained broadly consistent, with the 1997-8 season clearly the most successful in that eight Open wins were almost matched by seven in All Aged Stakes and five Novice wins were also recorded.
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'Golden Camrose Tess' was the foundation bitch of the Camrose kennel and was to have a profound influence on the breed post-war, as every Golden with a 'Camrose' ancestor is descended from her - and this is most of today's Goldens. Tess was the last puppy for sale from a litter of 9, and cost the princely sum of 8 guineas (or £8.8s) and what a bargain she was to prove!
She was bought purely as a pet, but when studied, her pedigree was found to contain many Champions, and amongst many famous dogs, she was a great granddaughter of Dual Champion Anningsley Stingo. So it was decided to find out more about Goldens and Joan bought the only book on the breed at that time which was written by Mrs W. Charlesworth.
Having read and re-read this, she decided to visit some shows as a spectator - and learned so much from listening to people at the ringside, and watching the dogs being shown , and came to the conclusion that Tess might be able to do some winning. This she eventually did by taking 1c.c. and a res.c.c.
Being very impressed with the fact that Tess's g.g.sire was a Dual Ch., it was decided to mate her to a dog also descended from him, namely Ch Colin of Rosecott.
Tess was quite a big bitch, with a very lovely head, quite dark coloured, but failed in hind angulation. Fortunately Colin was able to improve this in her litter, for she produced a Champion bitch and a dual c.c. winner in Camrose Antony.
Antony and Ch Camrose Fantango, from Tess's second litter to Dorcas Timberscombe Topper, were to be responsible for a long line of Champions for 'Camrose' and other breeders. Probably many of today's breeders do not realise that one or both of these dogs are in the extended pedigrees of their Goldens through such famous sires as Ch Camrose Cabus Christopher, Ch Sansue Camrose Phoenix, Ch Camrose Nicholas of Westley. Ch Stolford Happy Lad, Ch Davern Figaro. Ch Gaineda Consolidator of Sansue and Ch Nortonwood Faunus.
was the sire of Ch.Camrose Tantara who started a line of Champions for several generations, so I feel he should be mentioned here. He was one of my very special dogs who was a real personality boy. All strangers who came to the door were terrified of him, as he greeted them with his special 'talk', which was a very low rumbling sound, assumed by them to be a growl - it was wonderful for keeping dubious characters at bay, but loved by all who knew him.
Antony was very unlike either of his parents, as he was a very powerfully built dog with profuse wavy coat, very strong head and bone and very 'throaty' (which I succeeded in hiding from judges!!) The emblem for the Scottish G.R.C. is taken from one of his photos, and though supposed to be anonymous, of course I recognised the photo.
was completely different from his half-brother , as he was much paler coloured, had the most beautiful head of any Golden I've ever seen. Always rather lacking in substance and a menace for me to show! He would go half way down the ring and come to a stop. But he adored Mrs Barron, as his favourite wife was her Ch. Jane of Anbria, so Margaret offered to show him for me, and was instrumental in getting his last 2 cc's to get him his title.'Tango' was known here as the 'Cushion King' as he always greeted people with one of the lounge cushions in his mouth - he would then lie down and use the cushion as a pillow!
was another of my very special dogs, as he was always MY DOG. He was no oil painting as a puppy, as nothing seemed to be in the right place! Certainly I didn't dream that he would make the dog he finally did. 'Toffer' to his friends, had the most wonderful construction, which was why he became such a favourite with the All-rounder judges, enabling him to win 8 Groups and 2 BIS at all breed Championship shows - but his head was never his fortune! His lateral movement was a joy to watch, and I often watched him moving round my paddock, with his long flowing stride, which was just 'poetry in motion'.
(jointly owned with Miss Wilcock) as a puppy was very solidly built and had a short coat, with little feathering, and as she had a fairly strong head, she could be mistaken for a Labrador, by those who didn't know the breed! However things changed after she had her first litter, when she really began to look like a Golden, for suddenly she developed a beautiful wavy coat with masses of feathering! Looking at photos of her when she was quite old one can see her very intense waves. I remember the day at Crufts when Mrs Stonex was judging and wearing a large-brimmed hat, 'Tilda' was so astounded that she backed away from her at first, never having seen anything like it before! However she soon recovered and was able to win the C.C. That taught me a lesson, never to wear a hat with a brim when judging - at that time we all wore hats for those occasions!
(jointly bred and owned with Miss Wilcock) was one of Matilda's titled sons - the other being the Weeks' Sh Ch Camrose Hardanger Fjord of Beldonburn. 'Tarquin' had a wonderful career as a Junior, taking his JW three times over, and having numerous Best Puppy in Shows. He was a very mature youngster, as his puppy photo at 10 months shows. He had a profuse coat, very good construction both ends, and was a super mover, so took the All Rounders eye. After his Junior days, he went through a very teenage stage and was very immature for quite a long time, and took quite a long time to come to his prime. I loved his head which had a super eye and expression - which was much better than that of his sire (Christopher).
- the breed's record holding bitch (bred by Mrs Hinks , but jointly owned by Miss Wilcock and myself) 'Teffie' was another of Christopher's famous off-spring and was the most heavenly bitch to own. She had the most superb nature, but had one 'quirk' - she was scared of hairy dogs! In Best of Show rings she could not stand next to a Bobtail or one similarly coated or she would not show. I remember one day when I had her out 'picking up' we had to cross a field in which were a flock of sheep and she would insist on going right round the perimeter to avoid them - I suppose she thought they might be vicious dogs! As 'Fantango' had the perfect dog's head, so 'Teffie' had the most beautiful head for a bitch. I handled her in her early days in the ring, but Miss Wilcock was the one to gain her numerous CC's and Group wins, as they had a wonderful rapport.
| One of the first famous dogs I remember seeing in the ring was Ch. Torrdale Happy Lad - a very glamorous, heavily built extrovert cream dog - beautifully handled by Mr Fred Parsons. | |
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The next which impressed me for his type was Ch Dorcas Glorious of Slat (his closeness in relationship to my own Tess, was that her dam was his litter sister). He was a compact, wavy coated dog with a lovely head.
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Ch's Victor and Royal Prince of Dewstraw were of a very different type, being dark, rather less heavily built dogs, and did not appeal to me as much as Sh Ch Roger of Rosecott. I must have watched the bitches too, but do not remember them, I suppose because by that time, I had decided I wanted a litter from Tess, so was more interested in selecting a mate for her. | |
| Ch. Weyland Varley was a really beautiful, masculine dog, with a lovely head and super construction both ends. I awarded him Best of Breed at the first Championship show I judged. He had a lovely temperament and I remember happy days out with his owner, Mrs Morgan, when she was helping me to train my dogs for their Qualifying Certificates | |
| Ch. Alresford Advertiser always looked immaculate and was a great showman. A beautifully pale coated dog, of good size, well-made, and an impressive mover. I remember my husband and I meeting Mrs Pilkington with him, on one of the London main line stations on the way to a show, and my husband saying 'That's what I - call a dog!!!' (this was one of his expressions which meant a super dog). Needless to say Advertiser usually won over my dogs!! However I still awarded him a cc at one of the Birmingham shows. | |
| Ch. Boltby Skylon was a delightful dog whom I often met at Mrs Harrison's home, as well as in the show ring. He had super happy temperament and was a dog one liked to stand next to in the ring, as so many at that time were not too pleasant and would growl at other dogs. He had a strong skull, but was rather short in foreface for true balance of head. He was not a big dog, but was very compact and had super hindquarters, a lovely pale coat and was very glamorous. | |
| Ch/Irish Ch. Cabus Cadet belonging to Mrs Morgan (formerly Mrs Moriarty) was to become a sire of several important Champions. He was a good sized dog - very pale coloured - and with lots of substance and bone. However his front was not his fortune but 'Paddy' had super angulation and strength in his hindquarters, a good head and lots of ring presence. I was the first person from the south of England to use this dog - to improve my hindquarters -and he produced a litter for me with 3 Champions in it, which had his rear end but retained my very good fronts! | |
| Miss Gill's Ch. Camrose Nicholas of Westley was a cream dog of lovely type and character. I remember taking his sire Ch. William of Westley to a show in Blackpool for Joan ( who was in hospital at the time), and having a nightmare journey with him. He was a very energetic dog and would not keep still in the train overnight, and when walking to the show drove me mad, as he insisted on lifting his leg at every corner, tree or lamppost we came to! However we did manage to get Bill's 3rd cc that day! |
| Later Miss Gill returned the compliment for me by taking Ch. Camrose Jessica (Nicholas' dam) to Leeds under Mrs Stonex, and winning Jessica's 3rd cc.! Jessica was a bitch I didn't think very much of, as she was rather small, not very good in forehand and rather weak in head, so I had stopped showing her. One day my husband (with one of his 'hunches') said 'You should show Jessica again - she will do well' She did as on her next outings she gained her cc's!! |
I hope that this article enables you to find out something interesting about some of the influential dogs of the past, and is of some help to those of you who have these dogs in your extended pedigrees.
Joan Tudor 2001